Everything about Nicolaus Von T Ngen totally explained
Nicolaus of Tüngen (
pl. Mikołaj Tungen,, died
14 February 1489 in
Heilsberg, today
Lidzbark Warmiński) was
bishop of Warmia from
1467 until
1489.
Nicolaus of Tüngen came from a
burgher family in Tüngen (
Polish:
Bogatyńskie) near
Wormditt (
Polish:
Orneta) in
Warmia. He worked in the
Roman Curia for many years as a secretary, and at the same time accumulated many church offices (
1459 Canon of
Wrocław (
Breslau) and Canon of Warmia). After the death of Warmia's Bishop
Paul of Lengendorf he was chosen as his successor by the Warmia
diocese chapter on
10 August 1467. Tüngen received the pope's agreement for his nomination on
4 November 1468 and obtained the bishop's insignia in Rome.
The king of Poland,
Casimir IV, didn't accept the choice of Tüngen as bishop. He instead nominated
Wincenty Kiełbasa, the bishop of
Chełmno (Kulm) and administrator of the
Poznań diocese, as the new bishop of Warmia. The Warmia chapter accepted the king's will, entrusting Kiełbasa temporary administration of the Warmia diocese at the
Malbork Sejmik on
1 December 1467. Tüngen didn't withdraw his candidacy, however, and soon the already mentioned papal provision strengthened his position. In September
1469 Kiełbasa withdrew his claim to the Warmia bishopric. One year later Tüngen unofficially arrived in Warmia.
Kiełbasa's resignation didn't mean the resignation of the Polish king from his aim of putting his own candidate in office. Casimir IV intervened with the pope
Paul II, who ordered Tüngen to resign the Warmia bishopric (his successor, pope
Sixtus IV, nominated Tüngen
bishop of Kammin). The new candidate nominated for the post in
1471 was
Andrzej Oporowski,
archdeacon of
Gniezno and a royal secretary.
Oporowski's nomination didn't change the situation in Warmia. The nominee wasn't allowed to assume his office because of protests from the clergy and people of Warmia and the Prussian Estates. At the same time Nicolaus of Tüngen began to strive to obtain his desired bishopric and tried to secure Warmia's full autonomy from Poland. Supported by the
Teutonic Knights, Tüngen gained control of most of Warmia's castles and towns. He also gained the support of the king of
Hungary,
Matthias Corvinus, then in conflict with Poland, entrusting him with protecting the bishopric.
In
1478, Polish forces intervened militarily in Warmia and gained control of most of it. This armed conflict is known as the
War of the Priests.
In
1479, an agreement reached between Casimir II and Matthias Corvinus further weakened Tüngen's position. Peace negotiations to end the conflict took place in
Piotrków Trybunalski. The agreement reached on
15 July 1479 restored Warmia under Polish sovereignty, and required the
bishops of Warmia to swear an oath of
fealty to the Polish king. The Warmia chapter was also required to elect as bishop
a person to the liking of the king. As part of the agreement Tüngen was allowed to remain Bishop of Warmia, after he paid
homage to the king and became one of the
senators of Poland (just like the other Polish bishops).
After
1479 bishop Tüngen made efforts to rebuild the diocese after the ruins caused by the short war. He funded the altar in St. George's church in
Königsberg, and in his will he gave large sums to the monasteries and churches of the diocese. To the end of his life he remained in
de facto opposition to the Polish king, for example by entering into a confederation with the Prussian estates in
1485 in defence of their privileges.
As a supporter of Warmia's autonomy from Poland, Tüngen was greatly worried by the king's plan to nominate his son
Frederic Jagiellon as the next bishop after his death. To prevent this, the then elderly bishop made efforts in Rome to nominate
Lucas Watzenrode as
coadjutor bishop. These efforts were interrupted by his death, yet his will was respected when the diocese chapter did select Watzenrode as the next bishop, taking advantage of the fact that the
1479 agreement didn't specify which
candidate to the king's liking was to be chosen.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Nicolaus Von T Ngen'.
|
External Link Exchanges
Do you know how hard it is to get a link from a large encyclopaedia? Well we're different and will prove it. To get a link from us just add the following HTML to your site on a relevant page:
<a href="http://nicolaus_von_t__ngen.totallyexplained.com">Nicolaus von Tüngen Totally Explained</a>
Then simply click through this link from your web page. Our crawlers will verify your link, extract the title of your web page and instantly add a link back to it. If you like you can remove the words Totally Explained and embed the link in article text.
As long as your link remains in place, we'll keep our link to you right here. Please play fair - our crawlers are watching. Your site must be closely related to this one's topic. Any kind of spamming, dubious practises or removing the link will result in your link from us being dropped and, potentially, your whole site being banned. |
